Antigen Smuggling in Tuberculosis

Tobacco Smuggling

Evaluation of Cellular Immune Response against Purified Antigen 85 in Patients with Tuberculosis

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains an important health problem throughout the world. Despite its significance in public health, mechanisms of protective immunity against Mycobacyerium Tuberculosis in humans have not yet been understood. Objective: To evaluate cell mediated immune response against purified Ag 85, PPD and Phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in patients with tuberculosis and healthy tuber...

Smuggling Taxol into cancer cells

Some cancer cells evade chemotherapy by expressing cell membrane pumps to expel toxins. One such pump is the P-glycoprotein, which exports the widely used chemotherapy compound Taxol as it passes through the membrane. To counter P-glycoprotein efflux, Elena Dubikovskaya et al. modified Taxol’s structure, attaching a peptide that alters the mechanism by which the compound enters cells. The new c...

Models for nuclear smuggling interdiction

We describe two stochastic network interdiction models for thwarting nuclear smuggling. In the first model, the smuggler travels through a transportation network on a path that maximizes the probability of evading detection, and the interdictor installs radiation sensors to minimize that evasion probability. The problem is stochastic because the smuggler’s origin-destination pair is known only ...

Vietnam: smuggling adds value.

Internal British American Tobacco (BAT) documents 1 have been explicit about the knowledge of cigarette smuggling into Vietnam. In one document , Vietnam Status Report (12 May 1995), it was stated: " Cigarette imports were banned 6 years ago. Smuggled sales into Vietnam are currently estimated at approximately 7 bn [bil-lion] p.a. although prior to a crack-down in 1990 (when all smuggling was v...